Title Capitalization Tool

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Title case style

The rules of title capitalization

  1. Capitalize the first and the last word.
  2. Capitalize nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs and subordinating conjunctions.
  3. Lowercase articles (a, an, the), coordinating conjunctions (and, but, for, nor, or, yet) and prepositions (of, in, on, to, with…).
  4. Lowercase the "to" in an infinitive (I Want to Play Guitar).
  5. Capitalize the first word after a colon, and each part of a hyphenated compound.

Paraphrased from The Chicago Manual of Style. The style guides differ mainly on one question — whether a longer preposition such as with, from or about is capitalized.

AP, APA, Chicago and MLA title case

Style guideUsed forPrepositionsSetting
AP (Associated Press)news, journalism, blogscapitalized if four or more lettersfour or more letters
APA (7th edition)psychology, social sciences, academic paperscapitalized if four or more lettersfour or more letters
Chicago (CMOS)books, publishing, historylowercase regardless of lengthdo not capitalize by length
MLA (9th edition)literature, humanities, essayslowercase regardless of lengthdo not capitalize by length

Title case examples

You typeAP / APAChicago / MLA
the lord of the rings: the return of the kingThe Lord of the Rings: The Return of the KingThe Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
a tale of two citiesA Tale of Two CitiesA Tale of Two Cities
what i learned from ten years of runningWhat I Learned From Ten Years of RunningWhat I Learned from Ten Years of Running
how to win friends and influence peopleHow to Win Friends and Influence PeopleHow to Win Friends and Influence People
the old man and the seaThe Old Man and the SeaThe Old Man and the Sea
everything you need to know about title caseEverything You Need to Know About Title CaseEverything You Need to Know about Title Case
why you should never start with a prepositionWhy You Should Never Start With a PrepositionWhy You Should Never Start with a Preposition
gone with the windGone With the WindGone with the Wind

Frequently asked questions

What is title case?

Title case is the capitalization style used for titles and headlines: the first and last words and all "major" words (nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and subordinating conjunctions) start with a capital letter, while "minor" words — articles, coordinating conjunctions and short prepositions — stay lowercase.

Which words are not capitalized in a title?

Articles (a, an, the), coordinating conjunctions (and, but, for, nor, or, yet) and prepositions (of, in, on, to, with, from…) are lowercase unless they are the first or last word. Whether longer prepositions like "with", "from" or "about" are capitalized depends on the style guide: AP and APA capitalize any word of four or more letters; Chicago and MLA keep prepositions lowercase regardless of length.

Is "is" capitalized in a title?

Yes. "Is" is a verb, and verbs are always capitalized in title case, no matter how short. The same goes for "be", "are", "was" and "am".

Should I capitalize "with", "from" and "about"?

In AP and APA style, yes — they have four or more letters. In Chicago and MLA style, no — they are prepositions, which stay lowercase regardless of length. Pick the matching setting above and the tool applies the rule for you.

Do you capitalize the word after a colon in a title?

Yes. The first word after a colon (or a question mark, period or exclamation point) starts a new unit of the title and is capitalized, even if it is a minor word like "the" or "a".

How are hyphenated words capitalized?

Each part of a hyphenated compound is capitalized unless it is a minor word: "Self-Driving Cars", "Up-to-Date Advice".

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